Open Access
Algorithm 1
Proposed Two-Stage Channel Estimation Scheme
Require:  ,  , W, V, L
t
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| 1: Stage 1: Set the absorbing mode and estimate hd,k |
| 2: Stage 2: Set the IRS to the perfect reflecting mode |
3: Compute  , and set  |
| 4: for 1 ≤ i≤ L t do |
5: Detect 
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6: Select  , 
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7: Estimate 
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8: Calculate 
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| 9: end for |
10: 
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Ensure: 
, 
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